Programming  Language is quite similar to human Language which helps to communicate with people.

  1. Example:-Human uses English, Hindi language, etc for sharing of his/her knowledge, idea, felling with other people.
Similarly, We Use different languages like C, C++, Java, Python, Kotlin to communicate with the computer.

Q.What is Programming Language?

Ans:-Programming language is a computer language that is used by the programmers/developers/coders to communicate with the computers.
  • It is a set of instructions written in any language like Java, Python, C++, C                    language to perform a specific task.
  • Used to design/develop Android Apps, Desktop Applications, Website Design.

Types of Programming Language 

 1. Low-level programming language:

Low-level language is a machine-dependent (0s and 1s) programming language.

The processor runs low-level programs directly without the need of a compiler or interpreter,    so the programs written in low-level language can be run very fast.

Low-level language is further divided into two parts -

A. Assembly Language:

Assembly language (ASM) is also a type of low-level programming language that is designed for specific processors. 

It represents the set of instructions in a symbolic and human-understandable form.

It uses an assembler to convert the assembly language to machine language.

B. Machine Language:

  • Machine language is a type of low-level programming language.
  • It does not require a translator to convert the programs because computers directly understand the machine language programs.
  • It does not require a translator to convert the programs because computers directly understand the machine language programs.
  • It is also called machine code or object code.
  • Machine language is easier to read because it is normally displayed in binary or hexadecimal form (base 16) form.
2. Middle-Level Programming Language:
  1. It is also known as the intermediate programming language and pseudo-language.
  2. It lies between the low-level programming language and high-level programming language. 
  3. A middle-level programming language's advantages are that it supports the features of high-level programming. 
3. High-Level Programming Language:
  •  High-level programming language (HLL) is used for communication with the computer through which we designed user-friendly software and website. 
  • This programming language requires a compiler or interpreter to translate the program into machine language (execute the program).

     1. Advantage of a high-level language is that it is

  • Easy to read
  • Easy to write, 
  • Easy to maintain.
High Leve Programming Language is:

Swift programming language, C programming language, Python, Java, JavaScript, PHP, C#, C++, Cobol, Perl, Pascal, LISP, FORTRAN ...ETC.

Commonly Used Programming Language:-


1.  JAVA:-
  • Java is owned by Oracle.
  • developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995.
  • Java is a simple, secure, platform-independent, reliable, architecture-neutral high-level programming language. 
  • Java is mainly used to develop bank, retail, information technology, android, big data, the research community, web, and desktop applications.
Advantages Of Using Java:-
  •  Easy to use, Compile, Learn, Write, and Debug as compared to other programming languages
  •  Also provides the ability to run the same program on different platforms
  •  A highly secured programming language because in java, there is no concept of explicit pointers.
  •  It is capable of performing multiple tasks at the same time.
Disadvantages Of Using Java:-
  • Java program consumes more memory since it runs on top of Java virtual machine.
  • Java provides automatic garbage collection that cannot be controlled by the programmer.
  • Java programming language is a bit costly due to its higher processing and memory requirements. 

Who Uses Java?



Application Of Java:-
  1. Mobile Applications
  2. Desktop GUI Applications
  3. Web-based Applications
  4. Enterprise Applications
  5. Scientific Applications
  6. Gaming Applications
  7. Big Data technologies
  8. Business Applications
  9. Distributed Applications



2. PYTHON:-

  • Python is one of the most widely used user-friendly programming languages.
  • It is an open-source and easy to learn programming language developed in the 1990s.
  • It is mostly used in Machine learning, Artificial intelligence, Big Data, GUI-based desktop applications, and Robotics.
  • Python is platform-independent means you can write code once and run it anywhere.
  • It contains indentation like semicolons in other languages.
Advantages Of Using Python:-
    • Python has simple syntax as compared to other languages like c, c++, Java.
    • Python has a vast number of libraries as compared to other languages.
    • Popular language
    • Platform-independent
    • Free and open-source language
    • Highly Paid language



Disadvantages Of Using Python:-
    • Python is not used commonly in the enterprise development sector.
    • Python isn’t good for mobile application development.
    • Python has high memory consumption.
    • It takes more amount of time as compared to other languages.

Who Uses Python?


Who Uses Java?
Application Of Python:-
    • Web and Internet Development.
    • Desktop GUI Applications. 
    • Science and Numeric Applications.
    • Software Development.
    • Education.
    • Business.
    • Database Access.
    • Network Programming.
3. JavaScript:-
  • Java Script allows programmers to implement complex features to make web pages alive.
  • Java Script helps programmers to create dynamic websites, animated graphics, games servers, mobile app, and many more.
  • JavaScript is developed in the 1990s for the Netscape Navigator web browser.
  • JavaScript is high-level, often just-in-time compiled, and multi-paradigm.
  • JavaScript is a lightweight, interpreted programming language.
  • t is complementary to and integrated with Java.
  •  JavaScript is very easy to implement because it is integrated with HTML.
  •  It is open and cross-platform.
Advantages Of Using JavaScript:-
  • JavaScript is relatively simple to learn and implement.
  • JavaScript is used everywhere on the web.
  • JavaScript plays nicely with other languages and can be used in a huge variety of applications.
  • Being client-side reduces the demand on the website server.
  • Gives the ability to create rich interfaces

Disadvantages Of Using JavaScript:-

      • JavaScript may be interpreted differently by browsers.
      • Only a single inheritance;
      • Users can disable JavaScript in browsers for fear of data leaks or other malicious actions it may cause;
      • JavaScript may be interpreted differently by browsers.

  • Who Uses JavaScript?

  1. Facebook
  2. Paypal
  3. Google
  4. Netflix
  5. Microsoft
  6. Uber
  7. eBay and many more.
Application Of JavaScripts:-
  • Making web page interactive
  • creating server-side application
  • creating interactive front-end web pages
  • Games
  • Smart Watch
  • Art
  • Mobiles Apps